Gambling involves placing something of value on an event based on chance, with the intent to win something else of value. This can include betting on football accumulators or other sporting events, fruit machines, lotteries, casino games and scratchcards. In gambling, creative effort, useful skills and responsible investment are not integral.
Most people gamble for enjoyment, but a small proportion develop problem gambling. For these individuals, gambling can have significant negative social, family and financial consequences, including debt and homelessness. Problem gambling is a complex issue and requires treatment, therapy and support.
Often, gambling is a way to self-soothe unpleasant feelings or relieve boredom. However, there are healthier and more effective ways to do this – such as exercise, spending time with friends who don’t gamble, or learning relaxation techniques.
It is important to recognise the signs of a gambling addiction and to seek help as soon as you think there may be a problem. The good news is that many organisations offer support, counselling and assistance for those who are affected by gambling addiction.
Pathological gambling is a complex issue and research in this area needs to continue. However, it is important to recognise that the similarity between gambling and substance abuse in terms of underlying motivation and reward circuitry does not necessarily make pathological gambling an addiction. This is because, unlike with addiction to substances, there is no agreed nomenclature for gambling addiction and researchers, psychiatrists and other treatment care clinicians frame issues differently based on their disciplinary training and world views.